Understanding ADD & ADHD

Attention Deficit Disorder is a psychological term used to describe children and adults who suffer from impulsivity, hyperactivity and/or inattention.

There are two types of ADD: ADD with hyperactivity (ADHD) and ADD without hyperactivity (which is synonymous with inattention). The scope of this text is meant to cover Attention Deficit Disorder without hyperactivity.

Signs of ADD

Being easily distracted
Appears not to listen or pay attention
Has difficulties with schoolwork or homework
Fails to pay close attention to details
Makes careless mistakes in schoolwork
Fails to follow instructions and finish tasks
Is forgetful and unorganized – frequently loses things

How Common is ADD and How can it be Treated?

Because the diagnostic criteria for ADD remains so subjective, it is estimated that between 1-20% of the population suffers from ADD. Some people have argued that there is no such thing as ADD, but rather what is known as ADD is simply a collection of behaviors or “symptoms” caused by a wide range of unrelated problems. The actual cause of the behavior could range from brain damage to giftedness to allergies, and treatment could similarly range from stimulant medication to alternative education to allergy shots, depending on the base cause of the ADD. Therefore, it is critical to uncover the underlying cause of ADD once it is diagnosed. It is the underlying cause that should then be treated. The leading treatments for ADD are counseling and medication. Your child’s doctor will determine an individual treatment plan based on your child’s specific symptoms and needs.

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

What is ADHD?

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is a psychological term used to describe a disorder associated with hyperactivity, inattentiveness and impulse control problems that affects millions of children and frequently carries over into adulthood.

Signs of ADHD

Frequently fidgety and squirmy
Runs around and climbs excessively
Won’t stay seated
Has difficulty playing quietly and tends to talk excessively
Blurts out answers and often interrupts others
Does not wait his or her turn

ADHD Behaviors Differ Between Genders

Boys with ADHD are more likely to be hyperactive and play and squirm aimlessly, whereas girls with ADHD tend to be inattentive daydreamers. Boys tend to be more disobedient by not following instructions, so their behavior may be more noticeable and easier to diagnose.

It is crucial to remember that what may appear to be signs of ADHD is actually normal behavior for very young children. If the behavior persists, however, it may be time to look for causes associated with your child’s symptoms. ADHD symptoms can be treated by counseling or medication, and sometimes a combination of the two is suggested.

If your child is being treated for ADHD, he or she needs to be seen by his or her doctor regularly. Your doctor will determine how frequently follow-up appointments should be scheduled.

If you feel your child is showing signs of ADD or ADHD, please contact NOVA Pediatrics and Young Adult Medicine to schedule a conference with one or our providers.